#include <stdint.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>
#include <avr/boot.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <avr/eeprom.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <util/delay.h>

#if defined(BOOTLOADERHASNOVECTORS)
#warning "This Bootloader does not link interrupt vectors - see makefile"
/* make the linker happy - it wants to see __vector_default */
// void __vector_default(void) { ; }

void __vector_default(void) { ; }
#endif

volatile unsigned char b = 0;

ISR(TIMER0_COMP_vect){
b = 1;
}

ISR(TIMER0_OVF_vect){
b = 1;
}

int main(void){

TCCR0 = _BV(CS02) | _BV(CS00);
OCR0 = 100;
TIMSK |= _BV(OCIE0) | _BV(TOIE0);
MCUCR |= (1<<IVCE); // Enable change of Interrupt Vectors
MCUCR |= (1<<IVSEL); // Move interrupts to Boot Flash section


DDRE |= _BV(PE7);
unsigned long x = 0;
while(1){
asm("sei");
x = ( ? (1UL<<15) : (1UL<<18);
while(--x){asm("nop");}
PORTE ^= _BV(PE7);
}
return 0;
}

#/* Select Boot Size in Words (select one, comment out the others) */
## NO! BOOTSIZE=128
## NO! BOOTSIZE=256
## BOOTSIZE=512
## BOOTSIZE=1024
BOOTSIZE=2048
## BOOTSIZE=4096

    //MCUCR = (1<<IVCE);        // Enable change of Interrupt Vectors
    //MCUCR = (1<<IVSEL);        // Move interrupts to Boot Flash section
    asm("ldi r24, 1");
    asm("out 0x35, r24");
    asm("ldi r24, 2");
    asm("out 0x35, r24");

## BOOTSIZE=1024
BOOTSIZE=2048
## BOOTSIZE=4096
.
.
.
ifeq ($(BOOTSIZE), 2048)
MT_BOOTLOADER_ADDRESS = 0x1F000
endif

+0000F7FD: FFFF ??? Data or unknown opcode
+0000F7FE: FFFF ??? Data or unknown opcode
+0000F7FF: FFFF ??? Data or unknown opcode

+0000F800: 940CF846 JMP 0x0000F846 Jump
+0000F802: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F804: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F806: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F808: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F80A: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F80C: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F80E: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F810: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F812: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F814: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F816: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F818: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F81A: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F81C: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F81E: 940CF867 JMP 0x0000F867 Jump <---- Вроде, как оно
+0000F820: 940CF876 JMP 0x0000F876 Jump <----
+0000F822: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F824: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F826: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F828: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F82A: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F82C: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F82E: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F830: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F832: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F834: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F836: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F838: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F83A: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F83C: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F83E: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F840: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F842: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F844: 940CF865 JMP 0x0000F865 Jump
+0000F846: 2411 CLR R1 Clear Register
+0000F847: BE1F OUT 0x3F,R1 Out to I/O location
+0000F848: EFCF SER R28 Set Register
+0000F849: E1D0 LDI R29,0x10 Load immediate
+0000F84A: BFDE OUT 0x3E,R29 Out to I/O location
+0000F84B: BFCD OUT 0x3D,R28 Out to I/O location
+0000F84C: E011 LDI R17,0x01 Load immediate
+0000F84D: E0A0 LDI R26,0x00 Load immediate
+0000F84E: E0B1 LDI R27,0x01 Load immediate
+0000F84F: E5E8 LDI R30,0x58 Load immediate
+0000F850: EFF1 LDI R31,0xF1 Load immediate
+0000F851: E001 LDI R16,0x01 Load immediate
+0000F852: BF0B OUT 0x3B,R16 Out to I/O location
+0000F853: C002 RJMP PC+0x0003 Relative jump
+0000F854: 9007 ELPM R0,Z+ Extended load program memory and postincrement
+0000F855: 920D ST X+,R0 Store indirect and postincrement
+0000F856: 30A0 CPI R26,0x00 Compare with immediate
+0000F857: 07B1 CPC R27,R17 Compare with carry
+0000F858: F7D9 BRNE PC-0x04 Branch if not equal
+0000F859: E011 LDI R17,0x01 Load immediate
+0000F85A: E0A0 LDI R26,0x00 Load immediate
+0000F85B: E0B1 LDI R27,0x01 Load immediate
+0000F85C: C001 RJMP PC+0x0002 Relative jump
+0000F85D: 921D ST X+,R1 Store indirect and postincrement
+0000F85E: 30A1 CPI R26,0x01 Compare with immediate
+0000F85F: 07B1 CPC R27,R17 Compare with carry
+0000F860: F7E1 BRNE PC-0x03 Branch if not equal
+0000F861: 940EF885 CALL 0x0000F885 Call subroutine
+0000F863: 940CF8AA JMP 0x0000F8AA Jump
+0000F865: 940CF800 JMP 0x0000F800 Jump
+0000F867: 921F PUSH R1 Push register on stack
+0000F868: 920F PUSH R0 Push register on stack
+0000F869: B60F IN R0,0x3F In from I/O location
+0000F86A: 920F PUSH R0 Push register on stack
+0000F86B: 2411 CLR R1 Clear Register
+0000F86C: 938F PUSH R24 Push register on stack
+0000F86D: E081 LDI R24,0x01 Load immediate
+0000F86E: 93800100 STS 0x0100,R24 Store direct to data space
+0000F870: 918F POP R24 Pop register from stack
+0000F871: 900F POP R0 Pop register from stack
+0000F872: BE0F OUT 0x3F,R0 Out to I/O location
+0000F873: 900F POP R0 Pop register from stack
+0000F874: 901F POP R1 Pop register from stack
+0000F875: 9518 RETI Interrupt return
+0000F876: 921F PUSH R1 Push register on stack
+0000F877: 920F PUSH R0 Push register on stack
+0000F878: B60F IN R0,0x3F In from I/O location
+0000F879: 920F PUSH R0 Push register on stack
+0000F87A: 2411 CLR R1 Clear Register
+0000F87B: 938F PUSH R24 Push register on stack
+0000F87C: E081 LDI R24,0x01 Load immediate
+0000F87D: 93800100 STS 0x0100,R24 Store direct to data space
+0000F87F: 918F POP R24 Pop register from stack
+0000F880: 900F POP R0 Pop register from stack
+0000F881: BE0F OUT 0x3F,R0 Out to I/O location
+0000F882: 900F POP R0 Pop register from stack
+0000F883: 901F POP R1 Pop register from stack
+0000F884: 9518 RETI Interrupt return
+0000F885: E085 LDI R24,0x05 Load immediate
+0000F886: BF83 OUT 0x33,R24 Out to I/O location
+0000F887: E684 LDI R24,0x64 Load immediate
+0000F888: BF81 OUT 0x31,R24 Out to I/O location
+0000F889: B787 IN R24,0x37 In from I/O location
+0000F88A: 6083 ORI R24,0x03 Logical OR with immediate
+0000F88B: BF87 OUT 0x37,R24 Out to I/O location
+0000F88C: E081 LDI R24,0x01 Load immediate
+0000F88D: BF85 OUT 0x35,R24 Out to I/O location
+0000F88E: B785 IN R24,0x35 In from I/O location
+0000F88F: 6082 ORI R24,0x02 Logical OR with immediate
+0000F890: BF85 OUT 0x35,R24 Out to I/O location
+0000F891: 9A17 SBI 0x02,7 Set bit in I/O register
+0000F892: 9478 SEI Global Interrupt Enable
+0000F893: 91800100 LDS R24,0x0100 Load direct from data space
+0000F895: 2388 TST R24 Test for Zero or Minus
+0000F896: F429 BRNE PC+0x06 Branch if not equal
+0000F897: E080 LDI R24,0x00 Load immediate
+0000F898: E090 LDI R25,0x00 Load immediate
+0000F899: E0A4 LDI R26,0x04 Load immediate
+0000F89A: E0B0 LDI R27,0x00 Load immediate
+0000F89B: C006 RJMP PC+0x0007 Relative jump
+0000F89C: E080 LDI R24,0x00 Load immediate
+0000F89D: E890 LDI R25,0x80 Load immediate
+0000F89E: E0A0 LDI R26,0x00 Load immediate
+0000F89F: E0B0 LDI R27,0x00 Load immediate
+0000F8A0: C001 RJMP PC+0x0002 Relative jump
+0000F8A1: 0000 NOP No operation
+0000F8A2: 9701 SBIW R24,0x01 Subtract immediate from word
+0000F8A3: 09A1 SBC R26,R1 Subtract with carry
+0000F8A4: 09B1 SBC R27,R1 Subtract with carry
+0000F8A5: F7D9 BRNE PC-0x04 Branch if not equal
+0000F8A6: B183 IN R24,0x03 In from I/O location
+0000F8A7: 5880 SUBI R24,0x80 Subtract immediate
+0000F8A8: B983 OUT 0x03,R24 Out to I/O location
+0000F8A9: CFE9 RJMP PC-0x0016 Relative jump
+0000F8AA: 94F8 CLI Global Interrupt Disable
+0000F8AB: CFFF RJMP PC-0x0000 Relative jump

+0000F86C: FFFF ??? Data or unknown opcode
+0000F86D: FFFF ??? Data or unknown opcode
+0000F86E: FFFF ??? Data or unknown opcode

+0000F88C:   E081        LDI       R24,0x01       Load immediate
+0000F88D:   BF85        OUT       0x35,R24       Out to I/O location
+0000F88E:   B785        IN        R24,0x35       In from I/O location
+0000F88F:   6082        ORI       R24,0x02       Logical OR with immediate
+0000F890:   BF85        OUT       0x35,R24       Out to I/O location

#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/boot.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>

uint8_t Data[816] = { // Это бинарник основной (демо) программы, которую необходимо прошить
0x0C, 0x94, 0x46, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00,
0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00,
0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00,
0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x67, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00,
0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00,
0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00,
0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00,
0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00,

0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x65, 0x00, 0x11, 0x24, 0x1F, 0xBE,
0xCF, 0xEF, 0xD0, 0xE1, 0xDE, 0xBF, 0xCD, 0xBF, 0x11, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0xE0, 0xB1, 0xE0, 0xE0, 0xE3,
0xF3, 0xE0, 0x00, 0xE0, 0x0B, 0xBF, 0x02, 0xC0, 0x07, 0x90, 0x0D, 0x92, 0xA0, 0x30, 0xB1, 0x07,
0xD9, 0xF7, 0x11, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0xE0, 0xB1, 0xE0, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x1D, 0x92, 0xA1, 0x30, 0xB1, 0x07,
0xE1, 0xF7, 0x0E, 0x94, 0x82, 0x00, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x96, 0x01, 0x0C, 0x94, 0x00, 0x00, 0x1F, 0x92,
0x0F, 0x92, 0x0F, 0xB6, 0x0F, 0x92, 0x11, 0x24, 0x8F, 0x93, 0xDF, 0x93, 0xCF, 0x93, 0xCD, 0xB7,
0xDE, 0xB7, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0x29, 0xF0, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x81, 0x50,
0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0xCF, 0x91, 0xDF, 0x91, 0x8F, 0x91, 0x0F, 0x90, 0x0F, 0xBE, 0x0F, 0x90,

0x1F, 0x90, 0x18, 0x95, 0xDF, 0x93, 0xCF, 0x93, 0xCD, 0xB7, 0xDE, 0xB7, 0xEE, 0xE4, 0xF0, 0xE0,
0x81, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x83, 0xA7, 0xE5, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE7, 0xE5, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x84, 0x60,
0x8C, 0x93, 0xA2, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE2, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93,
0x78, 0x94, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93,
0x84, 0xE1, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2,
0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x8F, 0x77, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x82, 0xE3, 0x80, 0x93,
0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2,
0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x84, 0xE1, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91,

0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81,
0x8F, 0x77, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x82, 0xE3, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23,
0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93,
0x84, 0xE1, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2,
0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x8F, 0x77, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x84, 0xE6, 0x80, 0x93,
0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2,
0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x86, 0xE4, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91,
0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81,

0x8F, 0x77, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x88, 0xE2, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23,
0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93,
0x86, 0xE4, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2,
0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x8F, 0x77, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x88, 0xE2, 0x80, 0x93,
0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2,
0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x86, 0xE4, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91,
0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81,
0x8F, 0x77, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x84, 0xE6, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23,

0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93,
0x84, 0xE1, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2,
0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x8F, 0x77, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x82, 0xE3, 0x80, 0x93,
0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2,
0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x84, 0xE1, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91,
0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81,
0x8F, 0x77, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x82, 0xE3, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23,
0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2, 0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x80, 0x68, 0x8C, 0x93,

0x84, 0xE1, 0x80, 0x93, 0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0xA3, 0xE2,
0xB0, 0xE0, 0xE3, 0xE2, 0xF0, 0xE0, 0x80, 0x81, 0x8F, 0x77, 0x8C, 0x93, 0x8A, 0xEF, 0x80, 0x93,
0x00, 0x01, 0x80, 0x91, 0x00, 0x01, 0x88, 0x23, 0xE1, 0xF7, 0x03, 0xCF, 0xF8, 0x94, 0xFF, 0xCF
};


// Функция writeFlashPage записывает одну страницу флэш,
// принимает: номер записываемой страницы
// размер записываемых данных (в байтах)
// адрес, откуда брать данные для записи

void writeFlashPage(uint8_t number, uint16_t size, uint8_t* pData){
uint32_t pagestart = number * SPM_PAGESIZE;
uint32_t baddr = pagestart;
uint16_t data;
uint8_t *tmp = pData;

do{
data = *tmp++;
data |= *tmp++ << 8;
boot_page_fill(baddr, data); // Заполнить буфер СЛОВАМИ данных

baddr += 2; // Перейти к следующему слову в памяти
size -= 2; //
}while(size); // Выполнять, пока не достигнут конец буфера

boot_page_write(pagestart); // Записать заполненный буфер во флеш
boot_spm_busy_wait(); // Дождаться окончания выполнения этой операции
boot_rww_enable(); // Разрешить доступ к секции RWW

return;
}

volatile uint8_t time = 0;

ISR(TIMER1_OVF_vect){ // Обработчик прерывания таймера
if(time)
--time;
}

void main(void){

TCCR1B = _BV(CS10); // clk
TIMSK |= _BV(TOIE1); // Разрешить прерывание по переполнению
MCUCR = (1<<IVCE); // Разрешить изменение положения таблицы прерываний
MCUCR = (1<<IVSEL); // Изменить положение таблицы
DDRE |= _BV(PE7); // Эта нога будет "дергаться"
asm("sei");

for(uint8_t i=0; i<20; ++i){ // Поморгать лампой десять раз
PORTE ^= _BV(PE7);
time = 100; // Задать время паузы
while(time); // Дождаться, пока таймер T1 обнулит time
}

// Далее начинается непосредственно перепрошивка контроллера
// В данном случае используется Mega128, размер страницы которой 256 байт, т.е SPM_PAGESIZE = 256

writeFlashPage(0, SPM_PAGESIZE, &Data[SPM_PAGESIZE*0]);
writeFlashPage(1, SPM_PAGESIZE, &Data[SPM_PAGESIZE*1]);
writeFlashPage(2, SPM_PAGESIZE, &Data[SPM_PAGESIZE*2]);
writeFlashPage(3, sizeof(Data) - 768, &Data[SPM_PAGESIZE*3]);

asm("cli");
MCUCR |= _BV(IVCE); // Вернуть положение таблицы прерываний на начало
MCUCR &= ~(_BV(IVSEL) | _BV(IVCE));

void (*funcptr)(void) = 0x0000; // Указатель на функцию с адресом 0x0000
funcptr(); // Запустить выполнение основной программы

return;
}