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> Умножение 64 бит на константу с переполнением.
count_enable
сообщение Sep 17 2015, 18:22
Сообщение #1


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Вопрос конечно ламерский, но что-то не решается.

Делаю конгруэнтный генератор. В С проблемный кусок выглядит так:

Код
uint64_t state;  // это состояние генератора, оно раз инициализируется.
uint64_t штс;  // это шаг генератора, оно раз инициализируется.
....
//в цикле:
uint64_t oldstate =state;
// Advance internal state
state = oldstate * 6364136223846793005ULL;
state=state + (inc|1);


То есть код исползует переполнение, что и надо реализовать в VHDL. Как мне кажется, умножение на константу и операция модуло не должны создать проблем при синтезе. Симуляция работает корректно в ISim. Но...

Вот мой код:
CODE
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;


entity state_change is
Port ( CLK : in STD_LOGIC;
RST : in STD_LOGIC;
outstate : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (63 downto 0));
end state_change;

architecture Behavioral of state_change is
function decimal_string_to_unsigned(decimal_string: string; wanted_bitwidth: positive) return unsigned is
variable tmp_unsigned: unsigned(wanted_bitwidth+3 downto 0) := (others => '0'); -- 4 extra bits to detect overflow
variable character_value: integer;
begin
for string_pos in decimal_string'range loop
case decimal_string(string_pos) is
when '0' => character_value := 0;
when '1' => character_value := 1;
when '2' => character_value := 2;
when '3' => character_value := 3;
when '4' => character_value := 4;
when '5' => character_value := 5;
when '6' => character_value := 6;
when '7' => character_value := 7;
when '8' => character_value := 8;
when '9' => character_value := 9;
when others => report("Illegal number") severity failure;
end case;
tmp_unsigned := tmp_unsigned(wanted_bitwidth-1 downto 0) * to_unsigned(10, 4);
tmp_unsigned := tmp_unsigned + character_value;
if tmp_unsigned(wanted_bitwidth+3 downto wanted_bitwidth) /= "0000" then
report("Too large number") severity failure;
end if;
end loop;
return tmp_unsigned(wanted_bitwidth-1 downto 0);
end decimal_string_to_unsigned;
constant MUL_CONST_str: string := "6364136223846793005";
constant max_64bit_string: string:="18446744073709551615";
constant M: unsigned(63 downto 0) := decimal_string_to_unsigned(MUL_CONST_str, 64); -- вот на это надо умножить
constant max_64bit: unsigned(63 downto 0) := decimal_string_to_unsigned(max_64bit_string, 64);

constant inc: unsigned:=x"34";

signal istate: unsigned (63 downto 0);
signal istate1: unsigned (127 downto 0);

begin

process(CLK)
begin
if(rising_edge(CLK)) then
if(RST='1') then
istate<=to_unsigned(integer(95516),istate'length);
istate1<=to_unsigned(integer(95516),istate1'length);
else
istate1<=(istate*M) ;
istate<=istate1(63 downto 0)+inc;
end if;
end if;
end process;
outstate<=std_logic_vector(istate);
end Behavioral;


Так как xilinx не воспринимает числа больше 32 бит, добавил функцию конверсии числа. Но к сожалению, при синтезе я получаю 64 защёлки и огромную портянку ворнингов:
CODE
=======================================================================
==
* HDL Synthesis *
=========================================================================

Synthesizing Unit <state_change>.
Related source file is "C:\Why\Life\Is\So\Hard\state_change.vhd".
Found 72-bit register for signal <istate1>.
Found 64-bit register for signal <outstate>.
Found 64-bit adder for signal <istate1[63]_GND_4_o_add_1_OUT> created at line 61.
Found 64x63-bit multiplier for signal <n0010> created at line 60.
Summary:
inferred 1 Multiplier(s).
inferred 1 Adder/Subtractor(s).
inferred 136 D-type flip-flop(s).
inferred 1 Multiplexer(s).
Unit <state_change> synthesized.

=========================================================================
HDL Synthesis Report

Macro Statistics
# Multipliers : 1
64x63-bit multiplier : 1
# Adders/Subtractors : 1
64-bit adder : 1
# Registers : 2
64-bit register : 1
72-bit register : 1
# Multiplexers : 1
64-bit 2-to-1 multiplexer : 1

=========================================================================

=========================================================================
* Advanced HDL Synthesis *
=========================================================================

WARNING:Xst:1710 - FF/Latch <istate1_37> (without init value) has a constant value of 0 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.
WARNING:Xst:1895 - Due to other FF/Latch trimming, FF/Latch <istate1_38> (without init value) has a constant value of 0 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.
WARNING:Xst:1895 - Due to other FF/Latch trimming, FF/Latch <istate1_39> (without init value) has a constant value of 0 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.
WARNING:Xst:1895 - Due to other FF/Latch trimming, FF/Latch <istate1_40> (without init value) has a constant value of 0 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.
.........................................................................
WARNING:Xst:1895 - Due to other FF/Latch trimming, FF/Latch <istate1_52> (without init value) has a constant value of 0 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.
WARNING:Xst:1895 - Due to other FF/Latch trimming, FF/Latch <istate1_53> (without init value) has a constant value of 0 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.
WARNING:Xst:1895 - Due to other FF/Latch trimming, FF/Latch <istate1_54> (without init value) has a constant value of 0 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.
.........................................................................
Optimizing unit <state_change> ...
WARNING:Xst:1710 - FF/Latch <istate_4> (without init value) has a constant value of 1 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.
WARNING:Xst:1710 - FF/Latch <istate1_0> (without init value) has a constant value of 0 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.
WARNING:Xst:1895 - Due to other FF/Latch trimming, FF/Latch <istate_0> (without init value) has a constant value of 0 in block <state_change>. This FF/Latch will be trimmed during the optimization process.

Mapping all equations...
Building and optimizing final netlist ...
Found area constraint ratio of 100 (+ 5) on block state_change, actual ratio is 0.
INFO:Xst:2260 - The FF/Latch <istate_3> in Unit <state_change> is equivalent to the following FF/Latch : <istate1_2>

Final Macro Processing ...

=========================================================================
Final Register Report

Macro Statistics
# Registers : 6
Flip-Flops : 6

=========================================================================

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count_enable
сообщение Sep 18 2015, 17:45
Сообщение #2


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Переписал код с использованием 1 сдвигового регистра, на котором в цикле и сдвигается вся портянка. Как МАС, только SAC - shift-add accumulator. 390Regs /340 LUT, но почему-то скорость упала до 370 МГц. Учитывая что теперь вычисление нового состояния занимает 34 цикла, эффективная скорость в районе 12 Мегачисел. Совсем не радужно sad.gif. Вроде конвееризировал правильно..

CODE
library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;

entity small_pcg is
Port ( CLK : in STD_LOGIC;
RST : in STD_LOGIC;
OUTPUT : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (63 downto 0));
end small_pcg;

architecture Behavioral of small_pcg is
component SHIFT_ADD
Port ( CLK : in STD_LOGIC;
RST: in STD_LOGIC;
A : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (63 downto 0);
B : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (63 downto 0);
SHIFT : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (5 downto 0);
OUTPUT : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (63 downto 0));
end component;

type integer_arrray is array (0 to 33) of integer;
constant shift_values: integer_arrray:=(0,2,3,5,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,16,18,20,23,26,27,30,32,34,35,37,42,
44,45,46,47,48,52,54,59,60,62,0); -- соответствует "1" в константе, последний 0 - заглушка
signal inA,inB,shifter_out: STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (63 downto 0);
signal SHIFT:STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (5 downto 0);
signal state,state1,state2:unsigned(127 downto 0);
signal oldstate:unsigned(63 downto 0);
signal counter: integer range 0 to 32;
signal save:std_logic;
begin
process(CLK)
begin
if(rising_edge(CLK)) then
if(RST='1') then
state<=(to_unsigned(integer(1),state'length));
state1<=(to_unsigned(integer(0),state1'length));
state2<=(to_unsigned(integer(0),state2'length));
oldstate<=(to_unsigned(integer(1),oldstate'length));
counter<=0;
else
if (counter/=32) then
state(63 downto 0)<=oldstate;
state1<=(state sll shift_values(counter)); -- вот здесь в цикле мы сдвигаем...
state2<=state1+state2; -- вот здесь в цикле и суммируем...
counter<=counter+1;
else
counter<=0;
oldstate<=state2(63 downto 0); -- новое состояние вычислено
end if;

end if;
end if;
end process;
OUTPUT<=std_logic_vector(oldstate);
end Behavioral;
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Сообщений в этой теме
- count_enable   Умножение 64 бит на константу с переполнением.   Sep 17 2015, 18:22
- - Krys   Цитата(count_enable @ Sep 18 2015, 01:22)...   Sep 18 2015, 08:32
- - count_enable   Со своим "ламерским вопросом" я разобрал...   Sep 18 2015, 09:18
|- - Maverick   Цитата(count_enable @ Sep 18 2015, 12:18)...   Sep 18 2015, 10:30
|- - count_enable   ЦитатаА как решили проблему? Было: istate1<=(i...   Sep 18 2015, 11:00
|- - Maverick   Цитата(count_enable @ Sep 18 2015, 14:00)...   Sep 18 2015, 11:14
||- - dm.pogrebnoy   Цитата(Maverick @ Sep 18 2015, 14:14) Про...   Sep 18 2015, 11:45
||- - blackfin   Цитата(Maverick @ Sep 18 2015, 14:14) Про...   Sep 18 2015, 11:49
||- - Maverick   Цитата(blackfin @ Sep 18 2015, 14:49) Пут...   Sep 18 2015, 11:58
|- - Krys   Цитата(count_enable @ Sep 18 2015, 18:00)...   Sep 20 2015, 09:40
|- - count_enable   Цитата(Krys @ Sep 20 2015, 12:40) А в чём...   Sep 21 2015, 09:03
|- - Krys   Цитата(count_enable @ Sep 21 2015, 16:03)...   Sep 21 2015, 11:05
- - Bad0512   Цитата(count_enable @ Sep 18 2015, 00:22)...   Sep 18 2015, 09:30
- - Golikov A.   ну это просто ( A + B ) * ( C + D ) = AC+BC+AD+BD...   Sep 18 2015, 09:31
|- - Krys   Цитата(Golikov A. @ Sep 18 2015, 16:31) н...   Sep 18 2015, 10:04
- - Golikov A.   будет лучше сделать Кодs1 <= (64'd1...   Sep 18 2015, 11:13
- - count_enable   Пока гуру занимаются правописанием , я быстренько ...   Sep 18 2015, 14:57
|- - andrew_b   Цитата(count_enable @ Sep 18 2015, 21:45)...   Sep 19 2015, 14:24
- - count_enable   Да, сдвиг на 1 куда "дешевле", но тогда ...   Sep 20 2015, 08:29
|- - andrew_b   Цитата(count_enable @ Sep 20 2015, 12:29)...   Sep 20 2015, 17:04
- - count_enable   С точки зрения фундаментальных дисциплин в электро...   Sep 21 2015, 11:18
- - Krys   Цитата(count_enable @ Sep 21 2015, 18:18)...   Sep 22 2015, 05:13


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